Paediatric multiple sclerosis and antibody-associated demyelination: clinical, imaging, and biological considerations for diagnosis and care

The Lancet Neurology

Fecha de publicación: 1 de febrero de 2021

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1474-4422(20)30432-4

Autores: Giulia Fadda, MD, Thais Armangue, MD, Yael Hacohen, MD, Prof Tanuja Chitnis, MD, Prof Brenda Banwell, MD 

Summary: The field of acquired CNS neuroimmune demyelination in children is transforming. Progress in assay development, refinement of diagnostic criteria, increased biological insights provided by advanced neuroimaging techniques, and high-level evidence for the therapeutic efficacy of biological agents are redefining diagnosis and care. Three distinct neuroimmune conditions—multiple sclerosis, myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD), and aquaporin-4 antibody-associated neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (AQP4-NMOSD)—can now be distinguished, with evidence from humans and animal models supporting distinct pathobiological disease mechanisms.

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